Vijay Goel was born on 4 January 1954 to Chartilal Goel, former Speaker of Delhi Legislative Assembly and BJP Member, and Basanti Devi. He did his schooling from Shri Ram College of Commerce. Goel was a member of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and was jailed during the Emergency in India.
After being released from jail, Goel became the President of Delhi University Students Union in 1977 as a candidate of Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad. He married Preeti Goel, a professor at Delhi University, on 8 March 1985. The couple has a son and a daughter. Goel also became the treasurer of Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) in 1974-1975. He exposed corruption in connection with fake certificates which was a major issue in the university at that time.
Goel was elected to the 11th Lok Sabha from Sadar and to the 12th and 13th Lok Sabha from Chandni Chowk. He served as Minister of State for Labour, Parliamentary Affairs, Statistics and Programme Implementation and Youth Affairs and Sports in the Vajpayee government till 2004. Vijay Goel was the President of Delhi BJP from 15 February 2013 to 19 March 2014.
Goel was elected to Rajya Sabha from Rajasthan in 2014 and remained Minister of State for Youth Affairs and Sports in Narendra Modi's government from 5 July 2016 to 3 September 2017.